2015-Dec-1st-MBBS-Instant

Describe the shoulder joint under the following headings

1. Classification and articulating bones
2. Ligaments
3. Movements
4. Applied Anatomy

      2+3+3+2=10

Describe the Cavernous sinus under the following headings:

1. Situation and extent
2. Relations
3. Tributaries
4. Applied anatomy

2+4+2+2=10

WRITE SHORT NOTES ON:

5x4=20

Facial artery

Histology of tongue

Development of the thyroid and parathyroid glands

III ventricle of the brain

Brachioradialis muscle – origin, insertion, nerve supply and actions

WRITE BRIEFLY ON:

5x2=10

Derivatives of the I pharyngeal pouch

Blastocyst

Mention intracerebellar nuclei

Medial geniculate body (nucleus)

Superficial branch of the ulnar nerve

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Describe the anal canal under the following heads:

1. Parts
2. Internal structure
3. Blood supply
4. Applied anatomy

1+5+2+2=10

Describe the gluteus maximus muscle under the following headings:

1. Origin
2. Insertion
3. Nerve Supply
4. Actions
5. Applied anatomy

2+2+2+2+2=10

WRITE SHORT NOTES ON:

5x4=20

Gall bladder

Histology of the supra renal gland

Prostatic urethra

Downs Syndrome

Cruciate ligaments of the knee joint

WRITE BRIEFLY ON:

5x2=10

Derivatives of the midgut

Costodiaphragmatic recess of pleura

Deep inguinal ring

Name the branches of femoral artery

Perineal body

Describe the sources, dietary requirements, biochemical functions and deficiency manifestations of Vitamin A.

4+4+2=10

Describe the pathway of Ketone bodies synthesis and utilization.  Add a note on ketoacidosis.

6+4=10

WRITE SHORT NOTES ON:

5x4=20

Lactose intolerance

Isoenzymes

Significance of Hexose Monophosphate Pathway

(HMP shunt)

Jaundice

Inhibitors of Respiratory chain

WRITE BRIEFLY ON:

5x2=10

Functions of essential fatty acids

Polysaccharides

Methemoglobin

Causes and clinical symptoms of Kwashiorkor

Cori cycle.

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Describe in detail the biochemical functions of calcium in human body. Discuss the hormonal regulation of plasma calcium.

5+5=10

Describe the synthesis of DNA in detail with suitable diagram.

10

WRITE SHORT NOTES ON:

5x4=20

tRNA structure and function

Structure and classes of Immunoglobulins

Outline the steps of synthesis of urea

Blood buffers

Renal clearance tests

WRITE BRIEFLY ON:

5x2=10

Essential amino acids

What are oncogenes and give two examples

Write four causes for metabolic acidosis

Maple syrup urine disease

Mechanisms of transport across biological membranes

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Draw a neat diagram showing the structure of respiratory membrane and write hemodynamic factors influencing the exchange of gases across the membrane.

4+6=10

2)

Describe the regulation of different phases of gastric secretion.

10

WRITE SHORT NOTES ON:

5x4=20

3)

Describe the role of B-lymphocytes in immunity.

4)

ABO & Rh system of blood groups.

5)

Anemic hypoxia.

6)

Significance of P-R interval.

7)

Ventricular systole

WRITE BRIEFLY ON:

5x2=10

8)

Mention the factors effecting the GFR

9)

Anaphylactic shock.

10)

Mechanism of sweat secretion

     11)  

Role of vasa recta in kidney.

     12)

Distribution of Body Fluids.

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Classify sensory receptors giving examples.  Describe the mechanisms by which sensory system codes the sensory modality and stimulus intensity

4+3+3=10

Mention the formation, composition and functions of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

3+3+4=10

WRITE SHORT NOTES ON:

5x4=20

Dysmetria and Ataxia

Hypocalcemic tetany

Addison’s disease

Menopause

Prolactin

WRITE BRIEFLY ON:

5x2=10

Cryptorchidism

Antithyroid drugs

Neuroglia

Functions of iris

Satiety center

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