कुर्नूल मेडिकल कॉलेज, कुर्नूल

The Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical care, was established in the month of October, 1992 and is one of the largest departments in the Institute.

The department of Anaesthesiology and Critical care has started with providing services to only four super specialties and a five bedded respiratory intensive care unit. Over the years, along with the development of medical sciences and expansion of the SVIMS, the department has grown to cater to the need of both the super specialty and broad specialty.

The department is having all the latest state - of - art equipment relating to Anaesthesia and Critical Care Medicine. Clinical work load covers administration of anaesthesia and perioperative care to six super surgical specialty and four broad surgical specialty services apart from anaesthesia support for remote location that includes radiology suite, catheterization lab and electroconvulsive therapy. The department also runs a 15 bedded state of the art respiratory intensive care unit (RICU) with round the clock service for resuscitation and ventilator management.

Academic Activity: The department runs a MCI recognised post-graduation course with nine intakes per year. The department also runs academic residency programme (Post-Doctoral fellowship) in Cardiac, Neuro anaesthesiology and critical care (2 intakes in each per year) courses. The department facilitates training of BSc Anaesthesia technician students (12 intakes per year,8 semesters). The department is actively involved in hospital Code blue team and has AHA certified BLS/ACLS instructors. The department follows an integrated approach and standard protocols for patient care, education and research. Currently the department is focussing on simulation, outcomes research, airway management and community training in basic life support skills.

The department regularly organizes “BAPU” (Balaji Anaesthesia Postgraduate Update), a National level CME programme and/or a Balaji Gold medal oration to felicitate eminent faculty from anaesthesia fraternity on 16th October every year.

Cardiology (from Greek καρδίᾱ kardiā, "heart" and -λογία -logia, "study") is a branch of medicine that deals with the disorders of the heart as well as some parts of the cardiovascular system. The field includes medical diagnosis and treatment of congenital heart defects, coronary artery disease, heart failure, valvular heart disease and electrophysiology. Physicians who specialize in this field of medicine are called cardiologists, a specialty of internal medicine. Pediatric cardiologists are pediatricians who specialize in cardiology. Physicians who specialize in cardiac surgery are called cardiothoracic surgeons or cardiac surgeons, a specialty of general surgery.

Specializations

All cardiologists study the disorders of the heart, but the study of adult and child heart disorders are through different training pathways. Therefore, an adult cardiologist (often simply called "cardiologist") is inadequately trained to take care of children, and pediatric cardiologists are not trained to take care of adult heart disease. The surgical aspects are not included in cardiology and are in the domain of cardiothoracic surgery. For example, coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG), cardiopulmonary bypass and valve replacement are surgical procedures performed by surgeons, not cardiologists. However, some minimally invasive procedures such as the cardiac catheterization and pacemaker implantation are performed by cardiologists with additional training in non-surgical interventions (interventional cardiology and electrophysiology respectively).

Dental surgery is any of a number of medical procedures that involve artificially modifying dentition; in other words, surgery of the teeth, gums and jaw bones.

Types

Some of the more common are:

Endodontic (surgery involving the pulp or root of the tooth)
Root canal treatment
Pulpotomy — the opening of the pulp chamber of the tooth to allow an infection to drain; usually a precursor to a root canal
Pulpectomy — the removal of the pulp from the pulp chamber to temporarily relieve pain; usually a precursor to a root canal
Apicoectomy — a root-end resection. Occasionally a root canal alone is enough to relieve pain and the end of the tooth, called the apex, is removed by entering through the gingiva and surgically extracting the diseased material.
Prosthodontics (dental prosthetics)
Crown (caps) — artificial covering of a tooth made from a variety of biocompatible materials, including CMC/PMC (ceramic/porcelain metal composite), gold or a tin/aluminum mixture. The underlying tooth must be reshaped to accommodate these fixed restorations
Veneers — artificial coverings similar to above, except that they only cover the forward (labial or buccal) surface of the tooth. Usually for aesthetic purposes only.
Bridge — a fixed prothesis in which two or more crowns are connected together, which replace a missing tooth or teeth through a bridge. Typically used after an extraction.
Implant — a procedure in which a titanium implant is surgically placed in the bone (mandible or maxilla), allowed to heal, and 4–6 months later an artificial tooth is connected to the implant by cement or retained by a screw.
Dentures (false teeth) — a partial or complete set of dentition which either attach to neighboring teeth by use of metal or plastic grasps or to the gingival or palatal surface by use of adhesive.
Implant-supported prosthesis — a combination of dentures and implants; bases are placed into the bone, allowed to heal, and metal appliances are fixed to the gingival surface, following which dentures are placed atop and fixed into place.
Orthodontic treatment
Implants and implant-supported prosthesis — also an orthodontic treatment as it involves bones
Apicoectomy — also an orthodontic treatment as part of the underlying bone structure must be removed
Extraction — a procedure in which a diseased, redundant, or problematic tooth is removed, either by pulling or cutting out. This procedure can be done under local or general anesthesia and is very common — many people have their wisdom teeth removed before they become problematic.
Fiberotomy — a procedure to sever the fibers around a tooth, preventing it from relapsing
Periodontics
Oral and maxillofacial surgery (a surgical specialty that usually requires both dental and medical qualification)

Dermatology is the branch of medicine dealing with the skin. It is a speciality with both medical and surgical aspects. A dermatologist is a specialist medical doctor who manages diseases related to skin, hair, nails, and some cosmetic problems.

What is a dermatologist?

A dermatologist is a doctor who specializes in conditions involving the skin, hair, and nails. A dermatologist can identify and treat more than 3,000 conditions. These conditions include eczema, psoriasis, and skin cancer, among many others.

The skin is an incredible organ. It is your first line of defense against disease, protects your other organs, warms you up and cools you down, and sends messages about how healthy you are inside. Dermatologists are expert medical doctors and skin surgeons with the unique skills and experience to offer the best care for the organ that cares for you.

Dermatologists have extensive training, going to school for 12 years or more to learn to diagnose and treat more than 3,000 diseases of the skin, hair, and nails as well as cosmetic concerns. Patients see dermatologists for issues that are much more than skin deep. Problems with their skin can harm patients’ sense of self-worth, create discomfort that can make everyday activities difficult, and, in some instances, threaten lives.

Endocrinology (from endocrine + -ology) is a branch of biology and medicine dealing with the endocrine system, its diseases, and its specific secretions known as hormones. It is also concerned with the integration of developmental events proliferation, growth, and differentiation, and the psychological or behavioral activities of metabolism, growth and development, tissue function, sleep, digestion, respiration, excretion, mood, stress, lactation, movement, reproduction, and sensory perception caused by hormones. Specializations include behavioral endocrinology and comparative endocrinology.

The endocrine system consists of several glands, all in different parts of the body, that secrete hormones directly into the blood rather than into a duct system. Therefore, endocrine glands are regarded as ductless glands. Hormones have many different functions and modes of action; one hormone may have several effects on different target organs, and, conversely, one target organ may be affected by more than one hormone.

The endocrine system

Endocrinology is the study of the endocrine system in the human body. This is a system of glands which secrete hormones. Hormones are chemicals that affect the actions of different organ systems in the body. Examples include thyroid hormone, growth hormone, and insulin. The endocrine system involves a number of feedback mechanisms, so that often one hormone (such as thyroid stimulating hormone) will control the action or release of another secondary hormone (such as thyroid hormone). If there is too much of the secondary hormone, it may provide negative feedback to the primary hormone, maintaining homeostasis.

In the original 1902 definition by Bayliss and Starling (see below), they specified that, to be classified as a hormone, a chemical must be produced by an organ, be released (in small amounts) into the blood, and be transported by the blood to a distant organ to exert its specific function. This definition holds for most "classical" hormones, but there are also paracrine mechanisms (chemical communication between cells within a tissue or organ), autocrine signals (a chemical that acts on the same cell), and intracrine signals (a chemical that acts within the same cell). A neuroendocrine signal is a "classical" hormone that is released into the blood by a neurosecretory neuron 

The Department of General Medicine is one of the key departments among clinical specialties. Post-Graduation course in General Medicine first started in 2009. Over the years the department has evolved and has maintained pace with changing times and needs of the society. Today, besides training undergraduates and post graduates in General Medicine.

The department of microbiology at MAPIMS possesses a faculty & training programme that is one of the best in the field. State of art facility, including all equipments students lab, demonstration halls, bacteriology, virology, & immunology lab, research lab exist in the department.

The student’s lab as well as diagnostic lab is provided with digital microscope. For practical work each student will be allotted with binocular microscope. The department library is furnished with text books of several international & national authors. To add on to its pride, there is department museum with charts, model & various parasite specimens etc.

The routine diagnostic work will be done in the diagnostic lab which also caters to all the practical necessities of the students. Apart from routine curriculum, the student will have to take active part in seminars; problem based learning, short project work & quiz.

Nephrology (from Greek nephros "kidney", combined with the suffix -logy, "the study of") is a specialty of adult internal medicine and pediatric medicine that concerns the study of the kidneys, specifically normal kidney function (renal physiology) and kidney disease (renal pathophysiology), the preservation of kidney health, and the treatment of kidney disease, from diet and medication to renal replacement therapy (dialysis and kidney transplantation). The word “renal” is an adjective meaning “relating to the kidneys”, and its roots are French or late Latin. Whereas according to some opinions, "renal" and "nephro" should be replaced with "kidney" in scientific writings such as "kidney medicine" (instead of nephrology) or "kidney replacement therapy", other experts have advocated preserving the use of renal and nephro as appropriate including in "nephrology" and "renal replacement therapy", respectively.

Nephrology also studies systemic conditions that affect the kidneys, such as diabetes and autoimmune disease; and systemic diseases that occur as a result of kidney disease, such as renal osteodystrophy and hypertension. A physician who has undertaken additional training and become certified in nephrology is called a nephrologist.

The term "nephrology" was first used in about 1960, according to the French "néphrologie" proposed by Pr. Jean Hamburger in 1953, from the Greek νεφρός / nephrós (kidney). Before then, the specialty was usually referred to as "kidney medicine".

Scope

Nephrology concerns the diagnosis and treatment of kidney diseases, including electrolyte disturbances and hypertension, and the care of those requiring renal replacement therapy, including dialysis and renal transplant patients. The word 'dialysis' is from the mid 19th century: via Latin from the Greek word 'dialusis'; from 'dialuein' (split, separate), from 'dia' (apart) and 'luein' (set free). In other words, dialysis replaces the primary (excretory) function of the kidney, which separates (and removes) excess toxins and water from the blood, placing them in the urine.

Many diseases affecting the kidney are systemic disorders not limited to the organ itself, and may require special treatment. Examples include acquired conditions such as systemic vasculitides (e.g. ANCA vasculitis) and autoimmune diseases , as well as congenital or genetic conditions such as polycystic kidney disease.[citation needed]

Patients are referred to nephrology specialists after a urinalysis, for various reasons, such as acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, hematuria, proteinuria, kidney stones, hypertension, and disorders of acid/base or electrolytes.

Community Medicine is the branch of medicine concerned with the health of populations. It strives to protect and promote the health and well-being of the community through the Primary Health Care approach

Health needs of populations are measured and appropriate strategies are developed to improve the health status of the community through health promotion, disease prevention and health protection.

Training in Community Medicine aims ate nurturing Primary Care Physicians who can recognize and mange common health problems in the community. The Community-oriented Primary care Physician will have the ability to identify, prioritize and manage the health problems of the community. He/she would be an effective leader of the health team at primary care levels.

The Community Physician demonstrates excellence in academics, health research, and leadership skills. He/she is instrumental in development of public health policy, design, implementation and evaluation of health programs and applies them to a broad range of community health issues.

Students of this subject will have to apply the knowledge they have gained in several areas of medicine for the benefit of the community. They are taught the preventive, curative and promotive aspects of every illness. They are also encouraged to involve in the community, during their Compulsory Rotatory Residential Internship (CRRI).

Department Mission

The Community Medicine Department is committed to educating medical students to be community responsive primary care physicians who meet the health care needs of the community and the country as a whole particularly the rural and medically underserved communities and to work constantly for quality improvement to make our Institution’s vision of “HEALTH FOR ALL “.

Department Goal

The goal of undergraduate teaching/training in Community Medicine is directed towards achievement of “HEALTH FOR ALL”. Aim of undergraduate training is to prepare the students to become Primary Care Physicians competent to handle & manage commonly occurring health problems in the community

Neurology (from Greek: νεῦρον (neûron), "string, nerve" and the suffix -logia, "study of") is a branch of medicine dealing with disorders of the nervous system. Neurology deals with the diagnosis and treatment of all categories of conditions and disease involving the central and peripheral nervous systems (and their subdivisions, the autonomic and somatic nervous systems), including their coverings, blood vessels, and all effector tissue, such as muscle. Neurological practice relies heavily on the field of neuroscience, the scientific study of the nervous system.

A neurologist is a physician specializing in neurology and trained to investigate, or diagnose and treat neurological disorders. Neurologists treat a myriad of neurologic conditions, including stroke, seizures, movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, autoimmune neurologic disorders such as multiple sclerosis, headache disorders like migraine and dementias such as Alzheimer's disease. Neurologists may also be involved in clinical research, clinical trials, and basic or translational research. While neurology is a nonsurgical specialty, its corresponding surgical specialty is neurosurgery.

The academic discipline began between the 15th and 16th centuries with the work and research of many neurologists such as Thomas Willis, Robert Whytt, Matthew Baillie, Charles Bell, Moritz Heinrich Romberg, Duchenne de Boulogne, William A. Hammond, Jean-Martin Charcot, C. Miller Fisher and John Hughlings Jackson. Neo-Latin neurologia appeared in various texts from 1610 denoting an anatomical focus on the nerves (variably understood as vessels), and was most notably used by Willis, who preferred Greek νευρολογία.

Many neurologists also have additional training or interest in one area of neurology, such as stroke, epilepsy, headache, neuromuscular disorders, sleep medicine, pain management, or movement disorders.

In the United States and Canada, neurologists are physicians who have completed a postgraduate training period known as residency specializing in neurology after graduation from medical school. This additional training period typically lasts four years, with the first year devoted to training in internal medicine. On average, neurologists complete a total of eight to ten years of training. This includes four years of medical school, four years of residency and an optional one to two years of fellowship. 

While neurologists may treat general neurologic conditions, some neurologists go on to receive additional training focusing on a particular subspecialty in the field of neurology. These training programs are called fellowships, and are one to two years in duration. Subspecialties include brain injury medicine, clinical neurophysiology, epilepsy, neurodevelopmental disabilities, neuromuscular medicine, pain medicine, sleep medicine, neurocritical care, vascular neurology (stroke), behavioral neurology, child neurology, headache, multiple sclerosis, neuroimaging, neurooncology, and neurorehabilitation.

In Germany, a compulsory year of psychiatry must be done to complete a residency of neurology.

In the United Kingdom and Ireland, neurology is a subspecialty of general (internal) medicine. After five years of medical school and two years as a Foundation Trainee, an aspiring neurologist must pass the examination for Membership of the Royal College of Physicians (or the Irish equivalent) and complete two years of core medical training before entering specialist training in neurology. Up to the 1960s, some intending to become neurologists would also spend two years working in psychiatric units before obtaining a diploma in psychological medicine. However, that was uncommon and, now that the MRCPsych takes three years to obtain, would no longer be practical. A period of research is essential, and obtaining a higher degree aids career progression. Many found it was eased after an attachment to the Institute of Neurology at Queen Square, London. Some neurologists enter the field of rehabilitation medicine (known as physiatry in the US) to specialise in neurological rehabilitation, which may include stroke medicine, as well as traumatic brain injuries.

Obstetrics and Gynaecology (also spelled as Obstetrics and Gynecology; abbreviated as Obs and Gynae, O&G, OB-GYN and OB/GYN) is the medical specialty that encompasses the two subspecialties of obstetrics (covering pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period) and gynecology (covering the health of the female reproductive system – vagina, uterus, ovaries, and breasts).

Postgraduate training programs for both fields are usually combined, preparing the practising obstetrician-gynecologist to be adept both at the care of female reproductive organs' health and at the management of pregnancy, although many doctors go on to develop subspecialty interests in one field or the other.

Students interested in this area of body science are guided by a team of dedicated faculty members with excellent teaching resources. The sessions are a mix of both theoretical/practical training and pre-clinical knowledge instruction. Regular symposia, seminars and journal club meetings create forums for the exchange of ideas. Faculty members use both vertical and horizontal methods of lecture and demonstration classes so that students can have a deeper understanding of applied physiology.

Curriculum

The undergraduate students are given a sound grounding in the basics of physiology. The curriculum is comprised of lectures backed by practical classes where students apply concepts in real time. The postgraduate program imparts to students a detailed look at physiology, instructing them through tutorials, seminars and group discussions and motivating them in research activities of their interest under the guidance of expert faculty.

The P.G. course in the Department of Psychiatry at Katuri Medical College & Hospital was started in 2009. Since then, the department has been actively involved in clinical care, training students from various streams, research and community work.
Professionals from Psychology and Psychiatric Social Work are involved in management of each patient, so that the care provided is holistic. Treatment approaches used are according to the various international standard guidelines. The students are benefited from this approach of care and are better skilled
 

Key Features 

• The department has been part of Katuri Medical College & Hospital for the last 8 years.
• Involved in treating patients with mental health problems and also liaises with other departments of the hospital in managing psychological issues in medically ill.
• Involved in training undergraduate and postgraduate students.
• The faculty in the department are experienced and involved in imparting skills and knowledge to the students and dedicated to patient care.
• The curriculum and training in this department is on par with national institutes.
• Faculty are actively involved in research

Area of Study :

Psychiatry is the medical specialty devoted to the study, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of mental disorders. These include various affective, behavioral, cognitive and perceptual abnormalities.
Human body and mind are interrelated, and illness of body affect the mind and vice versa. There can be no health without a healthy mind. The combined treatment of psychoactive medication and psychotherapy has become the most common mode of psychiatric treatment in current practice, but current practice also includes widely ranging variety of other modalities. While the focus of psychiatry has changed little over time, the diagnostic and treatment processes have evolved dramatically and continue to do so. Over the years the field of psychiatry has evolved and has become less conceptually isolated from other fields of medicine.

Human body and mind are interrelated, and illness of body affect the mind and vice versa. There can be no health without a healthy mind. The combined treatment of psychoactive medication and psychotherapy has become the most common mode of psychiatric treatment in current practice, but current practice also includes widely ranging variety of other modalities. While the focus of psychiatry has changed little over time, the diagnostic and treatment processes have evolved dramatically and continue to do so. Over the years the field of psychiatry has evolved and has become less conceptually isolated from other fields of medicine.
 

This field has been revolutionized by cutting edge techniques that make surgery painless both pre-and post-operation. The faculty team consists of professors, asst. professors and junior residents who will take students' knowledge and skill in surgery to a higher level. Undergraduate students are trained by senior and assistant professors who believe that clinical observation and practice shape the skills of their students.