This short video chronicles the National Library of Medicine's introduction to, and use of, the internet via Gopher, MOSAIC, and other early internet-driven resources for information search and retrieval. Produced by the National Library of Medicine.

Celebrates the 175th anniversary of the founding of the institution that would become the National Library of Medicine. Starting with the swearing-in of Dr. Donald A.B. Lindberg, then looking back, the video traces the development of the library from the days of Dr. John Shaw Billings in the late 1800s through the establishment of the National Center for Biotechnology Infomation in 1988 and beyond to its accomplishments through 2011.

A Rediscovered Cancer Film of the Silent Era This version has been modified with the addition of a sound track, titles, and credits. In 1921 the American Society for the Control of Cancer released The Reward of Courage. The film, a silent melodrama, was designed to persuade viewers to visit a physician for regular checkups and at the first sign of the disease.

"Enemy X" is a mysterious killer. People are found slumped over, the mark of the X on their bodies. This production with a dramatic opening turns out to be a film within a film, and evolves into a discussion of cancer, the number of deaths it causes annually, and how it can be identified and treated through regular physical examinations and attention to symptoms and signs. Members of the American Society for the Control of Cancer, including Director Clarence C. Little and Mrs. Marjorie G. Illig, Commander of the Women's Field Army, are featured.

This is the film Challenge: Science Against Cancer accompanied by a French soundtrack. It illustrates the importance of continued research in laboratories around the world in order to solve the problem of cancer, and aims to explain the current difficulties in identifying causes and cures. It begins with an overview of the birth of man from one cell and explores the complexity of the human body. It shows the isolation and testing of cancer cells and explains the effects of heredity and environment on normal cells.

This film attempts to explain why researchers are having a difficult time discovering the causes and cures for cancer. It begins with an overview of the birth of man from one cell and generally explores the complexity of the human body. It shows the isolation and testing of cancer cells and explains the effects of heredity and environment on normal cells. It explains the difficulties of tracing several generations for heredity research and the multitude of chemicals, etc. which affect cells and turn them cancerous.

In this film made for National Educational Television and Radio Center (NET), the search for anti-cancer properties in plants and animals is outlined. Workers are shown gathering plants and starfish, processing this material, and running studies on mice, rats, and monkeys to determine whether or not the extracted compound is efficacious in reducing tumor size or remitting leukemia. If the compound proves to be efficacious, it is analyzed to try to determine the active agent. Attempts are made to synthesize new cancer agents.

This program discusses the techniques dentists can use to detect oral cancer. The program begins with an examination of a patient who has had oral cancer and emphasizes the importance of early detection to prevent metastases. The program stresses that cancer in different oral sites presents with different problems. The presentation includes the symptoms, incidence and distribution of cancer of the lower lip, tongue and floor of the mouth. The program presents a routine examination with emphasis on the symptoms representative of cancer.

This film shows, by means of cinefluorography and animation, the location of the esophagus and surrounding organs, various irregularities of the esophageal wall created by carcinomas, and the appearance of the area after radiation treatment. Learn more about this film and search its transcript at NLM Digital Collections: http://resource.nlm.nih.gov/8701004A.

The purpose of this program is to demonstrate the use of radiation therapy in the management of cancer. The program begins with a discussion of the factors which can be used to determine the appropriate treatment for cancer. Next, the film discusses the use of the isodose chart in planning therapy. The program includes in this discussion dose distribution and the indication of radiation therapy in specific types of cancers. The program also provides two case studies to illustrate the use of radiation therapy in the management of cancer.

This Net Science film begins by introducing a child named Sandra with leukemia and following her as she gets routine blood work done. The narrator then explains that scientists are seeking to prove that a virus is the cause of cancer in humans. Doctors Grace and Stuart are called upon to help explain the present knowledge. The narrator explains that cancer is a disease of the cells, and then gives a brief description of cells, and shows through time-lapse photography how normal cells and cancerous cells reproduce differently under a microscope.

Surgeon General Dr. Thomas Parran introduces this film by discussing the war against cancer. He says everyone is a possible cancer victim and that one in ten people die of cancer. The film dramatizes one woman's experience with cancer, showing how education about cancer removes fears and helps overcome the disease. Includes many shots of technicians performing research in laboratories at the National Institutes of Health with Dr. L.R. Thompson explaining the role of NIH in the war against cancer. Dr.

Jerome A. Urban, M.D. lectures, using diagrams, graphs, and photographs. Three surgical approaches to breast neoplasms are discussed: modified radical mastectomy, radical mastectomy, and extensive radical mastectomy. Modified radical is indicated when: tumor is in situ and confined to the breast, tumor is low-grade, non-aggressive. Photographs shown of Paget's disease, nipple lesions, eczema of nipple with crusting. Radiation therapy should follow surgery. Modified radicallooks better and allows better function than the radical or extensive radical.

A Rediscovered Cancer Film of the Silent Era In 1921 the American Society for the Control of Cancer released The Reward of Courage. The film, a silent melodrama, was designed to persuade viewers to visit a physician for regular checkups and at the first sign of the disease.

This film is excerpted from the full-length Challenge: Science Against Cancer. Portions are presented in French and portions in English. A patient, Mr. Davis, enters the medical office. He is shown to have a treatable cancerous lesion on his face. Several doctors discuss the case and the recommended treatment. The film shows cells and cell division, laboratories, the use of microscopes, and experiments with mice. The treatment for Mr. Davis begins immediately and uses radium.