Anatomical Animation by Frank Armitage (1970)

Artist-animator-medical illustrator Frank Armitage combines footage from his professional medical animations with historical images to provide a lecture about the history of anatomical illustration, as well as the present-day (circa 1970) uses of anatomical animation in medical film. Why the film was made or where it was presented is unknown: no title or credits appear. Armitage had then recently worked on the set-design for the film Fantastic Voyage as well as on animation for surgical instruction films and Walt Disney studios.

Ask Your Dentist [Silent] (Producer unknown, 1928)

The dangers of dental caries and how to prevent them are emphasized in this film. A class of grade-school children learn about the teeth. Written on the board are questions and answers: Why you need teeth--to cut and grind food--a model set of teeth is used to demonstrate chewing; to give form to the face--this is shown on models of heads and teeth of people with malocclusions; to aid personal appearance--shown in footage of a boy before and after repair of his teeth. The causes of caries in teeth are presented using a large model tooth. Immediate repair is advocated.

Another to Conquer (National Tuberculosis Association, 1941)

This film is a dramatization showing the seriousness of tuberculosis among the Navajo Indians. It deals with the ways in which they are being encouraged to accept modern treatment. Made in cooperation with the United States Office of Indian Affairs. Produced by the National Tuberculosis Association.

Beware the Wind (Airlie Productions, 1967)

The films opens with smoke everywhere, so much smoke that it obscures the ground. The smoke is a result of burning to clear land, to create power, and run cars. There is also the problem of dust from grinding and crushing. These are two of the many sources of air pollution. The pollution leaks into the air and is concentrated in cities. The combination of industrial pollution and automobile exhaust causes cancer in the people who breathe the air. The same pollution is found in Europe. Dr. Brandt at the Robert A. Taft Center in Cincinnati reports on the damage air pollution does to plants.

Cloud in the Sky (National Tuberculosis Association, 1940)

This film deals with the problems of pulmonary tuberculosis among Hispanic Americans. In one family, the mother dies of tuberculosis. A young adult daughter becomes ill with fatigue and coughing. Her father urges her to see a doctor, but she denies she is ill with claims that she has been working too hard. Eventually, she can no longer deny her illness and asks her parish priest to pray for her. The priest strongly advises her to see a physician, accept treatment, and not use patent medicines.

Competition and Dominance Hierarchies in Rats (O.H. Mowrer, J.S. Kornreich, Isabelle Yoffe, 1940)

This film shows experiments on competition and dominance hierarchies in rats. From an economy of abundance, rats are put into situations where competition for food is essential. At first the rats behave very similarly; they compete but do not fight. When insufficient food for their complete satisfaction is given, savage fighting develops. A definite dominance hierarchy (i.e., dominant, intermediate, subordinate) soon emerges. Personality typing based on this kind of social experience seems to be relatively permanent.

Drinking Water (US Navy, 1945)

A United States Navy training film In humorous animated cartoon format, the soldier is instructed to drink only water from safe supplies. The consequences of not rationing one's individual water supply when away from camp are shown. The dangers of drinking from untreated water supplies are shown. The locale is the Asian jungle; the enemy is Japan. Film aimed at marines engaged in jungle warfare.

Easy to Get (US Army Service Forces, 1947)

In story format, over footage of soldiers picking up girls in a drug store and in a night club, the dangers of sexual intercourse with pick-ups and prostitutes are emphasized. The results of untreated gonorrhea and/or syphilis are shown ina man with swollen knees, a man having a heart attack, an infected penis, a bed-ridden older man, and a man whose speech and memory have become defective. Over and over, the narrator urges the viewer to use condoms, visit the pro station, and report to his medical officer immediately if he suspects that he has contracted a venereal disease.

Evening Care (US Navy/US Army, 1943)

Part of the U.S. military's "Care of the Sick and Injured" series, this film offers instructions for Navy medical corpsmen on how to provide evening care to their fellow sailors recovering in the sick bay of a ship. Narration takes place over footage of corpsmen doing the following: washing patients, giving a back rub, checking for pressure sores, tidying beds, giving individual care, and completing records.

Girls in White (RKO-Pathe, 1948)

Produced as part of RKO's This is America series (1942-1951), this film uses dramatic reenactment in telling the story of a young woman who becomes a nurse. The film opens with an account of the post-Second World War shortage of nursing staff. This is a preamble to a story of nurse training, exemplified by Betty Burns, one of the 43,000 women who enter nursing school that year. The film follows Betty from her first day at nursing school through her training in chemistry, anatomy, microbiology, nutrition, diet therapy, and pharmacy.

Herr Professor Doktor Jakob Erdheim [Silent] (Producer unknown, 1933)

Shots include: the exterior of Krankenhaus der Stadt Wien (Vienna) ; people on the pavement and automobiles on the street in front of the hospital; group of white-gowned men around an autopsy table; gowned, gloved man at a side table cutting up a specimen; Y-shaped incision is made on the cadaver and two sets of gloved hands begin to dissect the chest; the ribs are cut and the ribs and sterum removed; the thoracic contents are cut free and removed from the cavity; the prosector, wearing an apron and gloves, examines the lungs; the flayed scalp is minutely examined; the prosector taps on the

Herr Professor Doktor Jakob Erdheim (1933)

Shots include: the exterior of Krankenhaus der Stadt Wien (Vienna) ; people on the pavement and automobiles on the street in front of the hospital; group of white-gowned men around an autopsy table; gowned, gloved man at a side table cutting up a specimen; Y-shaped incision is made on the cadaver and two sets of gloved hands begin to dissect the chest; the ribs are cut and the ribs and sterum removed; the thoracic contents are cut free and removed from the cavity; the prosector, wearing an apron and gloves, examines the lungs; the flayed scalp is minutely examined; the prosector taps on the

Filariasis in British Guiana (US Agency for International Development, 1963)

Modernizing the Tropics, Making a New Nation, with Public Health Filariasis, a parasitic disease, is caused by microscopic (roundworms. Spread from person to person by mosquito bite, the worms can cause elephantiasis and other serious conditions. Filariasis in British Guiana was part of a broad campaign to prevent and treat the disease. It was released in 1963, a time when the United States and Soviet Union were competing for the allegiance of "the Third World." British Guiana was heading toward independence, and the U.S.

John B. Calhoun Film 7.1 [edited], (NIMH, 1970-1972)

This film is a trimmed version of a longer set of stitched-together reels that contain remarks by and interviews with National Institute of Mental Health scientist John B. Calhoun, as well as extensive footage of the thousands of mice Calhoun studied over many years. In Mouse City, Calhoun provided his research subjects food, water, bedding, protection from predators--all that they needed except adequate space. The results were destructive and dramatic.