Moti Lal Nehru Medical College, Allahabad

A Diploma in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology (ENT) is a specialized medical program that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of disorders related to the ear, nose, throat, head, and neck. This diploma is typically pursued by medical professionals, such as doctors, who wish to specialize in Otolaryngology, commonly known as ENT (Ear, Nose, and Throat) medicine.

Here are some common components of a Diploma in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology program:

1. Otology: Study of disorders related to the ear, including hearing loss, infections, and disorders of the ear structure.

2. Rhinology: Examination of conditions affecting the nose and nasal passages, such as sinusitis, nasal polyps, and nasal obstruction.

3. Laryngology: Focus on disorders of the larynx (voice box) and the upper respiratory tract, including voice disorders and airway conditions.

4. Head and Neck Surgery: Training in surgical procedures related to the head and neck, including the removal of tumors, reconstructive surgery, and management of facial trauma.

5. Audiology: Introduction to the evaluation and management of hearing disorders, including the use of audiometric tests.

6. Speech and Swallowing Disorders: Study of disorders affecting speech and swallowing, including speech therapy and rehabilitation.

7. Pediatric Otolaryngology: Understanding and managing ear, nose, and throat disorders in children.

8. Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery: Training in cosmetic and reconstructive surgery of the face and neck.

9. Allergy and Immunology: Addressing allergic conditions related to the ear, nose, and throat.

10. Research and Clinical Skills: Some programs may include a research component and practical training in clinical skills relevant to ENT medicine.

Completion of a Diploma in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology is often a prerequisite for becoming an ENT specialist or Otolaryngologist. ENT specialists may work in hospitals, clinics, or private practices, providing a range of services, including medical and surgical treatment for conditions such as hearing loss, sinusitis, tonsillitis, and voice disorders.

Otolaryngologists often collaborate with other medical specialists, such as neurologists, pulmonologists, and oncologists, to provide comprehensive care for patients with conditions affecting the head and neck. Additionally, some individuals may pursue further specialization within Otolaryngology, such as focusing on head and neck oncology, rhinology, or pediatric otolaryngology, through additional training and fellowships.

Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery (Latin: Medicinae Baccalaureus, Baccalaureus Chirurgiae; abbreviated in many ways, most commonly MBBS, but also MB ChB, BMBS, MB BCh, MB BChir), is the primary medical degree awarded by medical schools in countries that follow the tradition of the United Kingdom. The historical degree nomenclature states that they are two separate undergraduate degrees. In practice, however, they are usually combined as one and conferred together, and may also be awarded at graduate-level medical schools.

Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS), is a professional degree in medical science. A person holding the MBBS degree becomes a certified medical practitioner. The duration of MBBS course is five years and six months including one year of rotational internship at hospitals, health centres, and health camps organised by non-profit organisations (NGOs). MBBS course syllabus includes studies on anatomy, pharmacology, pathology as well as community health & medicine, paediatrics, and surgery. The syllabus, prescribed in such a way that MBBS degree holders can choose a specialisation for further majoring and practising medicine. The career specialisations for MBBS students are Nephrology, Cardiology, Gynecology, Anesthesiology, Organ Transplant, Endocrine, and General Surgery, etc.

The purpose of PG education is to create specialists who would provide high quality health care and advance the cause of science through research & training. A post graduate specialist having undergone the required training in anesthesiology should be able to recognize the health needs of the community. He or she should be competent to handle effectively medical problems and should be aware of the recent advances pertaining to his/her specialty. She/he should be highly competent anesthesiologist with broad range of skills that will enable him/her to practice anesthesiology independently. The PG student should also acquire the basic skills in teaching of medical/para-medical students. She/he is also expected to know the principles of research methodology and modes of consulting library. She/he should attend conferences, workshops and CMEs regularly to upgrade his/her knowledge. The purpose of this document is to provide teachers and learners illustrative guidelines to achieve defined outcomes through learning and assessment. This document was prepared by various subject-content specialists. The Reconciliation Board of the Academic Committee has attempted to render uniformity without compromise to purpose and content of the document. Compromise in purity of syntax has been made in order to preserve the purpose and content. This has necessitated retention of “domains of learning” under the heading “competencies”

M. D. in Psychiatry is a Clinical Speciality course.

Doctor of Medicine in Psychiatry explores the major psychiatric syndromes like psychotic, mood and anxiety disorders, psychological effects of physical diseases, the doctor-patient relationship, human development, patient interviewing, and ethical issues in medicine. It is a three-year postgraduation course and can be pursued by any MBBS holders from a University recognized by Medical council of India. Most psychiatrists practice general psychiatry. Sub-specialization in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Addiction Medicine, and Geriatric psychiatry can be conducted after M. D. in Psychiatry.